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Empress Meishō
was the 109th Imperial ruler of Japan,〔Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō''): (明正天皇 (108) )〕 according to the traditional order of succession.〔Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan'', p. 115.〕 Her reign lasted from 1629 to 1643.〔Titsingh, pp. 411–412.〕
In the history of Japan, Meishō was the seventh of eight women to become empress regnant. The six who reigned before her were (a) Suiko, (b) Kōgyoku/Saimei, (c) Jitō, (d) Gemmei, (e) Genshō, and (f) Kōken/Shōtoku. Her sole female successor was Go-Sakuramachi.
==Genealogy==
Before Meishō's accession to the Chrysanthemum Throne, her personal name (her ''imina'') was ;〔Ponsonby-Fane, p. 9.〕 and her pre-accession title was . She was the second daughter of Emperor Go-Mizunoo. Her mother was Tokugawa Masako, daughter of the second Tokugawa shōgun, Tokugawa Hidetada and his wife Oeyo.〔NHK announced that its 2011 Taiga drama would be ''Gō: Himetachi no Sengoku'', based on the life of Oeyo, the mother of Tokugwa Masako.〕〔(''"Atsuhime" - Autorin für NHKs 2011er Taiga-Drama gewählt'' ), j-dorama.de; accessed 13 July 2015.〕 Hidetada was the son of Tokugawa Ieyasu and his consort, Oai.〔Kobayashi and Makino (1994), p. 392.〕
Meishō lived within the Inner Apartments of the Heian Palace, as opposed to the section reserved for the women of the Imperial Court. She had no children of her own. Her name was derived by combining the names of two previous empresses, Empress Gemmei (707–715) and her daughter Empress Genshō (715–724).
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